December 1947, Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young, Bell Labs engineers, proposed hexagonal cells for mobile vehicles. [2] Philip T. Porter, also of Bell Labs, proposed that the Tower cell "tower" at the hexagonal corners of the center and have the antenna that will send / receive in 3 directions (see picture on the right) into 3 adjacent cells hexagon. When the frequency has not been developed. Mobile technology has not developed until the 1960s, when Richard H. Frenkiel and Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs to develop electronic.
The first fully automatic mobile phone system, called MTA (Mobile Telephone system A), developed by Ericsson and commercially released in Sweden in 1956. This is the first system that does not require manual control of the BTS, but it has a phone weakness weight 40 kg (90 lb). MTB, an upgraded version with transistors, weighing 9 kg (20 lb), introduced in 1965 and used DTMF signaling. It has 150 customers in the beginning and 600 when it closed in 1983.
In 1957 the young Soviet radio engineer from Moscow Leonid Kupriyanovich create a portable phone, called LK-1 or the "radio telephone". The phone is relatively small-sized handset equipped with an antenna and a rotary dial, and communicate with the base station. Kupriyanovich's "radio telephone" weight of 3 pounds of total weight, can operate up to 20 or 30 kilometers, and has 20 or 30 hours of battery life. In 1958, it resized Kupriyanovich "radio telephone" to "pocket" version. He weighs about 500 grams improved. The same Ditahun Soviet Union began to mobilize the "Altai" national civilian service for cell phone drivers.